Indonesia

Indonesia

More than two decades since the 1998 reforms that brought an end to the New Order regime and returned the power to vote in direct elections to the people, Indonesia is often called a beacon of democracy in the Southeast Asia region. However, challenges to inclusive and accountable politics across the different levels of Indonesia’s complex democracy remain.
Image
Group of smartly dressed people standing outside building
Caption
Indonesia GOPAC group photo

Since 2016, WFD has worked with national and subnational legislatures as well as political parties, civil society, and thought leaders in Indonesia. Our mission emphasises on incorporating human rights principles in policymaking, its implementation, and oversight. Among others, WFD has supported the introduction of tools and mechanisms such as regulatory impact assessment, cost-benefit analysis, green budgeting and audit, and post-legislative scrutiny in the Indonesian Parliament. WFD has also supported the Indonesian Parliament’s effort to improve legislative transparency and accountability through the Open Parliament initiative, which has produced two national action plans to date.

Key areas of work

Environmental democracy

Following the launch of our environmental democracy initiative in 2020, WFD began implementing programmes aimed at improving climate governance in Indonesia with the parliament as main beneficiary. WFD's climate governance project through the UK PACT (Partnering for Accelerated Climate Transitions) programme, funded by the UK FCDO (Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office) led to landmark results which included the introduction of a Climate Change Bill in Indonesia’s national legislative agenda. Further support from the EUCDs (European Union Climate Dialogues) since 2023 helped the project engage with wider stakeholder groups. WFD is currently implementing the second phase of our UK PACT programme aimed at improving cross-sectoral climate governance and raising the ambition of Indonesia’s NDC (Nationally Determined Contribution) targets to reduce carbon emissions. In 2024, WFD launched the ASEAN Environmental Democracy Observatory, a platform to monitor the compliance of governments across Southeast Asia with the three pillars of environmental democracy: access to information, public participation, and access to justice. 

Women’s political leadership

As part of an ASEAN regional programme funded by GAC (Global Affairs Canada) through its Pro-Dem Fund, WFD has been working with political parties, civil society, and the parliament in Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, and Thailand since 2022 to remove the intersectional barriers that inhibit women’s political leadership. To date, the programme has led to a public declaration signed by all political party groups in the Indonesian Parliament, trained over 170 women legislative candidates in the lead up to the country’s 2024 elections, and advanced multistakeholder dialogues and partnerships on violence against women in politics. In 2024, WFD launched a Political Inclusion Fellowship programme aimed at creating a network of cross-party champions that will spearhead the structural reform for a more inclusive political landscape. 

Multistakeholder dialogues

WFD applies a multistakeholder approach across all of our programmes. Under all thematic areas, WFD ensures that spaces for dialogues are open and accessible to a diverse audience. Regionally, WFD has played a central role in supporting the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs to revitalise the Bali Democracy Forum as co-convenor of the Bali Civil Society and Media Forum since 2018. WFD in Indonesia also led the launch of the Democracy Action Partnership in 2023, where representatives of governments, parliaments, civil society, media, and development partners across Asia-Pacific gather to design innovative solutions to address emerging regional and global challenges. 

Open parliament

The Indonesian Parliament declared its participation in the global open parliament movement in 2018. In December 2018, the parliament published its first Open Parliament Indonesia National Action Plan, which was co-created with WFD and local civil society partners. In April 2019, WFD Indonesia convened a regional round table with parliamentarians and civil society leaders from Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. In 2020, WFD co-created the second open parliament national action plan with the parliament and local civil society partners. Among others, the open parliament commitments have led to improvements around legislative transparency and information disclosure practices in parliament as well as enhanced collaboration between the parliament and civil society. 

Fiscal oversight

WFD works closely with the Public Accounts Committee of the Indonesian Parliament to improve the ex-post oversight of public funds. Under the IAP (Inclusive and Accountable Politics) programme, WFD helped the Public Accounts Committee to establish a strong institutional framework and robust mechanism modelled after the Public Accounts Committee of the UK House of Commons as well as the UK National Audit Office. Through the UK PACT programme, WFD introduced a green budgeting and audit framework which has since been adopted and institutionalised as a tool used by parliamentary analysts in scrutinising government budget plans presented to the Budget Committee. 

Human rights

WFD applies an intersectional and multidimensional approach to protecting human rights through our work with political actors and institutions. Using tools such as post-legislative scrutiny and regulatory impact assessment, WFD has been able to strengthen the procedural safeguard that ensures government policies respond to the needs of the most vulnerable groups and individuals. Since 2019, WFD has supported the Indonesian Ministry of Home Affairs to develop and implement a series of post-legislative scrutiny pilot projects in subnational parliaments across three provinces. The projects have led to amendments of local ordinances that infringed on the rights of women, religious groups, gender minorities, and people with disabilities. 

Current programmes

Accelerating climate transitions in Indonesia through environmental democracy

Status
Underway
1
Start date
Planned end date

ASEAN environmental democracy observatory Phase I

Status
Underway
9
Start date
Planned end date

Advancing equal societies through women’s political leadership and participation in ASEAN Phase II

Status
Underway
7
Start date
Planned end date

Completed programmes

Improving legislative transparency through open parliament

Status
Completed
10
Planned end date

Making Indonesia climate action deliver through environmental democracy Phase I 

Status
Completed
10
Planned end date

Enhancing parliamentary oversight through the public accounts committee

Status
Completed
10
Planned end date

Supporting the development of an open parliament road map

In 2020, WFD co-created the second open parliament national action plan with DPR RI and local civil society partners with commitments to improve legislative transparency and information disclosure within the parliament.

Status
Completed
10
Planned end date

Protecting human rights through legislative scrutiny

Status
Completed
10
Planned end date

Supporting the development of open parliament action plans

Status
Completed
10
Planned end date

Advancing equal societies through women’s political leadership and participation in ASEAN Phase I

Status
Completed
10
Planned end date

Making Indonesia climate action deliver through environmental democracy Phase II

Status
Completed
10
Planned end date

Advancing EU-Indonesia policy dialogue on climate legislation

Status
Completed
10
Planned end date

Selected key results

Provided legislative scrutiny workshops on discriminatory legislation for over 40 MPs, leading to reviews of laws that harm marginalised population, and environmental democracy forums engaging over 128 MPs, leading to reviews of laws and bills that regulate sectors such as oil and gas, biodiversity conservation, waste management, renewable energy, and introduction of a bill on climate change. 

Trained over 90 legal drafters, 120 analysts and researchers, 70 staff members, and 20 auditors from across 15 parliamentary committees and 17 secretariat bodies on topics such as legislative transparency, regulatory impact assessment, legislative scrutiny, green budgeting, climate action, women’s political leadership, and public participation. 

Facilitated the engagement of over 400 academic researchers, experts, civil society reformers in various parliamentary processes that have contributed to legislative products on drugs enforcement, counterterrorism, anti-corruption, climate change, jobs creation, renewable energy, oil and gas, disaster mitigation, waste management, biodiversity conservation, and affirmative action for women in politics.  

Contact us

Jakarta
Indonesia